Definition.

Chemical Engineering is one of the youngest branches of engineering includes all activities in which they apply the principles and scientific knowledge to solve problems related to the economical production of useful things, through processes in which Intervie chemical phenomena and physical-chemical at one or more stages.

Glossary of Terms.

Chemistry: is the science that studies the composition, structure and properties of matter, as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions.

Engineering: It is the profession that applies knowledge and experience so that by design, models and techniques to solve problems affecting humanity.

Principles: A set of rules or basic ideas that govern the conduct of public servants.

Knowledge: It is an integrated set of information, rules, interpretations and connections made within a context and an experience that has happened within an organization, either in general or personal.

Logic: The art of thinking and reasoning in strict accordance with the limited human understanding and incapable.

Production: is that it formulates and implements the most appropriate methods for the production of products to provide and coordinate labor, equipment, facilities, materials and tools required.

Process: A series of activities carried out in sequence, can transform one or more inputs into a product or service.

Events: It's all change in a body, permanent change that alters the nature or substance of the body and therefore their specific characteristics and properties.

Activities: A set of tasks or actions that must be made within a specified time, to arrive at a target.

Alkanes: also called paraffins, are a class of aliphatic hydrocarbons characterized by being a carbon chain or branched open.

Alkenes: also known as olefins, is a class of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having one or more double bonds and which are obtained by pyrolysis of naphtha or other petroleum fractions at high temperatures.

Alkynes: hydrocarbons such as acetylene, also called, is a class of unsaturated hydrocarbons of the homologous series and its structural formula contains a triple link.

PhysicalChemistry: The application of the concepts and laws of physics to chemical phenomena, to describe in terms of a large amount of empirical information.

Organic Chemistry: A specialized branch of chemistry, which includes all compounds of carbon except oxides of carbon, carbon disulfide, ternary compounds such as metal cyanide, the metal carbonyls, phosgene, carbonyl sulfide and metal carbonates.

Inorganic Chemistry: It is a specialized branch of chemistry, which includes all substances except hydrocarbons and their derivatives.

Historical background of vocational training.

Chemical Engineering in England came at the end of last century, when they began to envision the need for a technician who, knowing the physical-chemical principles, were strongly oriented industrial economy.

In Venezuela the first courses in chemical engineering were established at the Central University of Venezuela in 1947, creating the School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering in 1962.

Glossary of Terms.

Economy: Science that deals with the most effective methods to meet the material needs of individuals in society to allocate limited resources.

Industry: Is the set of processes and activities that aim to transform raw materials into finished products, in bulk.

Importance of the profession.

Chemical Engineering is one of the most important professions in achieving economic and social development. Many of the critical problems of society, such as energy resources, energy conversion, supply and transportation, preservation and provision of food, control of environment, development and resource recovery, etc., depend on the chemical engineering to find effective solutions.

Venezuela is a country in which the chemical engineer is now represented a very important role. The investment process of an oil economy to a largely extractive converting these products into more useful through petrochemical refining processes, is a challenge for chemical engineers present and future.

Glossary of Terms.

Resources: Procedures or half of which are available to satisfy a need, carrying out a task or get something.

Energy: It's a scalar physical quantity that is manifested in various forms, is measured by the ability of a force or system to perform mechanical work.

Supply: It is the economic activity to cover the consumption needs of a unit on time, form and quality, such as a company.

Transportation: It is the sector that is dedicated to moving goods from one place to another.

Conservation: to protect and / or protect a person in advance.

Food: substance, natural or synthetic, capable of being assimilated by the body and thus provide the necessary materials for growth or maintenance of tissues, as well as the energy required for its own operation.

Control: This is a preventive and remedial action by the administration of the company or organization to minimize possible risks.

Development: The set of plans, programs, projects and actions that are directed to creative processes, as well as qualitative and quantitative aspects of tangible and intangible assets of an organization or company.

Design: Creating the applied research of shapes, colors and use of objects, seeking a balance between functionality and aesthetics of the product to make it more pleasant and fit for use.

Administration: The administration is defined as the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which people work in groups to reach efficiency goals selected.

Services: These are the actions performed by a company to fill a market need. Products: Substances produced refined from crude oil. Gasoline, fuel oil and a variety of other petroleum products in pipelines that transport.

Evaluation: This is a process of information, interpretation and assessment for decision making and improved business

Markets: It is the place that assist the forces of supply and demand for the transaction of goods and services at a certain price.

Research: It is the systematic activity that is performed to obtain through observation, experimentation and exploration, new information and knowledge that are needed to expand the various fields of science and technology.

Petroquímica: is that belonging or related to the industry, which uses oil or natural gas feedstock for the production of chemicals.

Some specific tasks.

In each of the areas that encompass the activities of Chemical Engineers are the following tasks revelantes:

Design Process:

- Specify the ranges of operation of equipment.

- Specify the characteristics of raw materials and products.

- Dimensionay and / or select teams.

Production Planning:

- Conduct market research of existing products and new products.

- Production Scheduling

- Develop systems to measure productivity.

Research and Teaching:

- Design, plan and execute experiments.

-Perform pilot studies in plants.

-Write technical articles, books, etc..

Construction:

- Supervise construction equipment.

- Inspect equipment and materials.

-Participate in technical assistance activities for the implementation and operation of plants.

Operation:

- Analyze and resolve technical problems associated with production.

- Perform material and energy balances of the plant.

- Decision making on the site, in case of emergency.

Management and Administration:

- Implement control systems ACIT.

- Leading teams, technical and professional.

- Prepare the draft annual budgets of the unit in charge.

Marketing:

- Conduct visits and lectures on the technical characteristics and ownership of products.

-Advise the Sales Department in the selection and specification of the technical aspects.

Glossary of Terms.

Raw material: It is the element that the industry with its technology, is able to transform into finished product.

Plant: It is a group of buildings and facilities for processing or manufacturing.

Experiment: A procedure by which it is to verify (confirm or verify) one or several hypotheses related to a particular phenomenon by manipulating the / s are variables that presumably caused.

Project: a set of operations is limited in time, which is an end product (Budget Goals), represents the creation, expansion and / or modernization of production of goods and services, implying a substantial variation or change in processes and / or technology used by the company.

Conference: It's a conversation or interview several people to discuss important issues, scientific, and / or business and so on.

Balance: It is a demonstration of the comparison of assets and liabilities to determine the economic and financial situation of a company at a given time.

Equipment: The equipment (mechanical, electrical, electronic) that performs a particular logic or physical activity.

Directing: This consists of making decisions to achieve certain purposes. Management may be centralized or decentralized Develop consists in getting a product through a suitable job.

Advising: It consists in guiding the professional or technical in certain of the company

Monitor: Consists of high inspection was performed to a worker, which is carried out by another senior person in the company.

Specify: It establishes the characteristics of a product or a service, such as levels of quality, performance or behavior, safety or dimensions.

Dimensions: It is the process by which estimates the size of a solar photovoltaic power installation to meet specific needs.

Schedule: It is creating a set of orders and instructions that a computer can interpret and execute.

Heat: It is possible to define it as energy transferred between two bodies or systems can be associated to the movement of atoms, molecules and other particles that form matter.

Melting Point: The temperature at which the solid and liquid state of a substance coexist in thermal equilibrium at a pressure of 1 atmosphere.

Boiling Point: The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid.

Hydrocarbons: Organic compounds are formed only by atoms of carbon and hydrogen.

Chemical Reactions: It's all chemical process in which one or more substances (called reactants), the effect of an energy factor, are transformed into other substances called products.

Endothermic reaction: It's called endothermic reaction to any chemical reaction that absorbs heat.

Exothermic reactions: exothermic reaction is called a chemical reaction that follows any heat, ie with a negative enthalpy.

Enthalpy: the enthalpy is the energy of a thermodynamic system that it can interact with their environment.

Thermodynamics: A branch of physics that studies the exchange of heat and working conditions that occur between a system and its environment which causes changes in the internal energy of it.

Water: is the most abundant chemical compound on the surface.

Alloy: A solid or liquid mixture of two or more metals or one or more metals with certain nonmetallic elements such as carbon steel.

Atom: The smallest possible unit of an element, which consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, and around which electrons revolve.

Biodegradability: The ability of a substance to decompose by microorganisms.

Calcination: The heating of a solid to a temperature below its melting point to bring it to a state close to its thermal decomposition or a phase transition other than melting.

Heat capacity: The amount of heat, Q, required to increase the temperature of the mass m of a substance in a small amount.

Coal: It is a fossil fuel formed from plants that grew in swamps, some 250 million years. Fuel is any substance capable of producing energy via a chemical reaction or nuclear control.

Combustion: is an exothermic oxidation reaction in which the heat comes from the breaking of chemical bonds.

Mol: It's the amount of a substance in grams numerically equal to its molecular weight is called gram-molecule or simply mol.

Molecular Weight: The sum of the atomic weights of atoms in a molecule. Thus, the molecular weight of methane (CH4) is 16,043, knowing that the atomic weight of carbon is 12,011 and the hydrogen 1008.

Plastic: It is defined as a material which contains a polymerized organic substance of high molecular weight as the main component that is solid in its final state.

Radiation: The transmission of heat takes place by absorption of radiant energy.

Radioactivity: Spontaneous Rupture of a nucleus from one type to form a nucleus of another kind.

Solutes: A designates one or more substances dissolved in another substance, known as the solvent.

Solvent: A substance capable of dissolving another substance, called the solute, to form a uniformly dispersed mixture (solution) at the molecular or ionic size.

Sedimentation: The operation unit consisting of the settlement by the gravity of solid particles suspended in a liquid. Mass transfer: The movement of one or more components, either within a single stage or step from one to another stage.

Typical locations for Employment.

- Oil Companies.

- Petrochemical Industries.

- Independent Ministries and Corporations.

- Sidor.

- Venalum.

- Universities and Institutes of Higher Education.

- IVIC .

- INTEVEP.

- INCE.

- Private Industries traditional food, drinks, snuff, textile, leather and fur.

- Consulting company technically and economically.

- Company Projects, calculations and designs.

Glossary of Terms.

Autonomous Institutes: It's all public law entity, with legal personality and its own role to perform a State created under the law.

Oil Companies: This is one that seeks to engage in primary production and exploitation of hydrocarbons.

Corporations: A person (other than a natural person) that often have rights protected by the law similar to those of a natural person. Universities: An institution dedicated to providing the highest grade of education, and research and outreach. Consists of colleges and universities, as well as department chairs.

Private Companies: Are those commercial or industrial societies in which all or most of the shares or other forms of equity participation and belonging to individuals are controlled by them, being their primary objective the collection of utilities to compete in the market.

Traditional Industries: Are those who make their products so original and handmade, which is not standard or fully automated. The products are not produced in large quantities and are almost always more expensive because they take more work but they produce better quality.

Work Environment.

Given such diverse characteristics of the specific tasks you can perform the chemical engineer, the work environment is very diverse. You can go from a desk job in an office building to the open field or plant installed by installing via intermediate locations such as laboratories and classrooms.

Glossary of Terms.

Laboratory: A place equipped with various measuring instruments or equipment which carries several experiments or research, depending on the branch of science devoted to that.

Teacher: Staff from the higher education institution whose function is to conduct formal teaching-learning process. In this case the purpose is to teach chemistry, whether in a school, a university or an institute of higher education.

Remuneration.

Compensation is established by the College of Engineering, both for the private sector and the public in relation to the latter there is an agreement with the government to set minimum wage, through the Central Personnel Office (PCO ) and the Colegio de Ingenieros de Venezuela (CIV).

Glossary of Terms.

Colegio de Ingenieros de Venezuela: El Colegio de Ingenieros de Venezuela is a body of public morality, and as such have legal personality and own patrimony, with all the rights, duties, powers and functions assigned to it in law, is based in the capital of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Public Sector: The set of administrative agencies by which the State meets, or enforce the policy or wishes expressed in the fundamental laws of the country.

Private Sector: Is that part of the economy that seeks to profit in its activity and that is not controlled by the state.